Created at 7:24 p.m. Aug, 25, 2025
Author:
dbouslov
Type of change:
Content error
Rationale for change
CD4⁺ helper T cells are upstream: they recognize deamidated gliadin on HLA-DQ2/DQ8 and secrete cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ) and provide B-cell help.
The phrasing of mediating the damage infers that the answer should be the cell that directly damages the mucosa
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Lecture Notes
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Pathoma
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Boards and Beyond
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First Aid
Sketchy
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Sketchy 2
Watch Celiac Disease and Malabsorption
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Additional Resources
Atlas:
Celiac disease etiopathogenesis
In patients with celiac disease, ingestion of gliadin, a component of gluten, leads to an immune response in the intestinal epithelium. Gliadin is deaminated by tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and then ingested by antigen-presenting cells (APC), which activate T cells via MHC II receptors. The activated T cell then activates plasma cells to release anti-tTG, antiendomysial, and antideaminated gliadin antibodies (which all function as diagnostic markers of celiac disease). T cells also differentiate into TH1 cells, which activate cytoplasmic fibroblasts to release matrix proteases. This leads to the destruction of the intestinal architecture with villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and the loss of the brush border.
Atlas:
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