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at 3:38 p.m. Feb, 03, 2025
by
anking.jacob
Author:
love.patel
Type of change:
Updated content
Rationale for change
Cloze deletion statement rather then question and answer. Easier to get through cards and less chance of repeated wrong guesses.
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In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, infection can precipitate DKA due to systemic release of insulin counterregulatory hormones such as catecholamines and cortisol. The resultant excess of glucagon causes hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and an osmotic diuresis. This diuresis is accompanied by a net renal loss of K+ with depletion of total body K+ stores. DKA causes an osmotic diuresis and a reduction in the effective circulating blood volume. This activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and accelerates renal potassium losses.
DKA is characterized by an increase in circulating free fatty acids due to an underlying relative excess of glucagon to insulin and consequent increase in lipolysis.
Hyperglycemia in DKA contributes not only to osmotic diuresis and hypovolemia but also to serum hyperosmolality. These effects will most likely promote pituitary vasopressin release.
DKA is characterized by an increase in circulating free fatty acids due to an underlying relative excess of glucagon to insulin and consequent increase in lipolysis.
Hyperglycemia in DKA contributes not only to osmotic diuresis and hypovolemia but also to serum hyperosmolality. These effects will most likely promote pituitary vasopressin release.
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