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Text
How is megaloblastic anemia due to B12 vs. folate deficiency differentiated (symptom and molecule)?
{{c1::B12 = neurological dysfunction; methylmalonic acid (MMA)}}
Extra
- B12 and folate deficiency both have high homocysteine;
only B12 deficiency has high MMA
- B12 involved in: DNA synthesis, protein synthesis and methylation (methionine regeneration), prevention of homocysteine accumulation, oxidation of odd chain fatty acids, catabolism of ketogenic amino acids
B12 in 2 forms is a cofactor for 2 enzymes:
- Methionine synthase: methylcobalamin
- Methylmalonyl CoA mutase: 5' deoxyadenosylcobalamin

Photo Credit: Zachary P. Christensen, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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