Accepted
at 10:54 p.m. Jul, 14, 2025
by
rockroovy
Author:
kmot22
Type of change:
Spelling/Grammar
Rationale for change
resolved misspelling for Weinberg
Before
After
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Extra A
(1) No mutations
(2) Random mating
(3) No natural selection
(4) Large population
(5) No gene flow
(These assumptions make the gene pool stable)
(2) Random mating
(3) No natural selection
(4) Large population
(5) No gene flow
(These assumptions make the gene pool stable)
Extra
Extra Q2
Why mutations affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Extra A2
Modification of gene pool
(mutations delete, duplicate or alter a particular gene)
(mutations delete, duplicate or alter a particular gene)
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Extra Q3
What does random mating means on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Extra A3
Gametes have an equal chance of pairing with each other
(e.g. tall and short people have an equal chance of passing their gametes)
(e.g. tall and short people have an equal chance of passing their gametes)
Extra 3
Extra Q4
What specifies the no natural selection assumption on the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
Extra A4
No natural advantage from one characteristic to another
(an individual trait that is non suited for environment has the same chance as one that is suited by environment)
(an individual trait that is non suited for environment has the same chance as one that is suited by environment)
Extra 4
Extra Q5
Why populations have to be large in order to apply the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
Extra A5
Small populations are more prompt to loose genetic diversity more quickly, large populations maintain allelic frequency
(i.e. genetic drift)
(i.e. genetic drift)
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Extra Q6
What means the no gene flow assumption in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Extra A6
There is no insertion of genes from one population to another
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Extra Q7
What is the Hardy-Weingber equation?
Extra A7
p2 + 2pq = q2 = 1
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Extra Q8
What the variable p represents in the Hardy-Weinber equation?
Extra A8
Frequency of the dominant allele
(at the same locus as the "q" allele; p ≠ 0, p < 1)
(at the same locus as the "q" allele; p ≠ 0, p < 1)
Extra 8
Extra Q9
What the variable q represents in the Hardy-Weinber equation?
Extra A9
Frequency of the recessive allele
(at the same locus as the "p" allele; q ≠ 0, q < 1)
(at the same locus as the "p" allele; q ≠ 0, q < 1)
Extra 9
Extra Q10
From which equation does the Hardy-Weinberg equation is derived?
Extra A10
p + q = 1
(sum of all allelic frequencies must equate 1)
(sum of all allelic frequencies must equate 1)
Extra 10
Extra Q11
What does p2 represents in the Hardy-Weinber equation?
Extra A11
Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals
Extra 11
Extra Q12
What does q2 represents in the Hardy-Weinber equation?
Extra A12
Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals
Extra 12
Extra Q13
What does 2pq represents in the Hardy-Weinber equation?
Extra A13
Frequency of heterozygous individuals
Extra 13
Extra Q14
Which term represents the frequency of carriers in the Hardy-Weinberg equation
Extra A14
2pq
(heterozygous = carriers, in the case of an autosomal recessive trait)
(heterozygous = carriers, in the case of an autosomal recessive trait)
Extra 14
Extra Q15
If there is an X-linked recessive disease in a population, what is the frequency q of such allele?
Extra A15
The frequency of affected males in the population
("Males are hemizygous for X-linked genes, the frequency of an X-linked disorder in males is directly equal to the frequency of the disease allele in the population")
("Males are hemizygous for X-linked genes, the frequency of an X-linked disorder in males is directly equal to the frequency of the disease allele in the population")
Stritch School of Medicine. Genetics Review for USMLE (Part 2). 2022. http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/meded/usmle/genetics_review_2.pdf Accessed June 16, 2022.
Extra 15
Extra Q16
What is the affected female frequency for an X-linked recessive disorder in a population?
Extra A16
q2
(For a female to be affected she must be homozygous to the X-linked recessive disorder)
(For a female to be affected she must be homozygous to the X-linked recessive disorder)
Extra 16
Extra Q17
Tay Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disense caused by the accumulation of the cell membrane glycolipid Gm2 ganglioside within lysosomes. This rare disease affects 1 in 360,000 of the general population. Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of carriers in the general population?
Extra A17
2pq = 1/300
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