Card is misleading should say stage 5 is high death rate and low birth rate

and the 2 theorys that cause or prevent it are the malthusian theroy and the anti malthusian

malthusian cause = we ran out of resources and now death rate exceeeds birthrate. His postive and preventive checks didnt work

malthusian fix = the checks worked and stage 5 was prevented using such checks

Anti malthusian fix = stage 5 will be prevented due to tech and resource managment advacment. Thus termed anti bc malthus believed resources runnign out and death rate increasign was inevitable while they thought it wasnt thanks to tech etc.


stage 5 is a hypothetical that has not happened yet

Different sources seem to reach different consensuses. Going by the MCAT's most direct line of resources on the topic - the 300 pg P/S notes, page 286 & 287 cover this and the two theorems reach different conclusions. As seen in the notes at the bottom of page 286, the Malthusian Theorem proposes a negative growth rate as you pointed, although the Anti-Malthusian Theorem suggests the "growth rate can increase as well." Since there isn't consensus between the two theorems and the stage at large is only up to speculation, we'll leave this card as it is.

For future suggestions, please include a reference to support your rationale. If you find references that say otherwise as to what is discussed above, please feel free to share.